ABSTRACT
Ferulic acid (FA) was loaded into liposomes via calcium acetate gradient with (80.2 +/- 5.2)% entrapment efficiency. The average sizes of blank liposome and FA liposome were about 155 nm and 154 nm, respectively. The zeta potential of blank liposome and FA liposome were (13.14 +/- 1.67) mV and (4.12 +/- 0.05) mV, respectively. Unilamellar vesicles were present in freeze-fracture electron microscopy. In the pharmacodynamic studies, the protective effect of liposomal ferulic acid on tBHP-challenged U937 cells was measured with the morphology of cell injury, mitochondrial transmembrane potential alternation and cell viability assay used as index. The results of MTT assay, microscopy indicated that FA liposomes exhibited greater antioxidant activity than FA solution on U937 cell.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antioxidants , Pharmacology , Cholesterol , Chemistry , Coumaric Acids , Pharmacology , Drug Carriers , Liposomes , Chemistry , Membrane Potentials , Mitochondria , Physiology , Particle Size , U937 CellsABSTRACT
To study the mechanism of downregulation of apoptosis by autophagy induced by oridonin in HeLa cells, the cell viability was measured by MTT method. DNA fragmentation was assayed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Autophagic and apoptotic ratio was determined by flowcytometric analysis. Protein expression was detected by Western blotting analysis. Oridonin induced both apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells. Apoptosis was upregulated by introduction of the inhibitor of autophagy, 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Addition of oridonin increased Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio and cytochrome c, whereas the expression of SIRT-1 was decreased, and 3-MA pre-application enhanced these changes. Oridonin-induced autophagy antagonized apoptosis in HeLa cells through mitochondrial pathway.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Autophagy , Blotting, Western , Cytochromes c , Metabolism , Diterpenes , Pharmacology , Diterpenes, Kaurane , Pharmacology , Flow Cytometry , HeLa Cells , Isodon , Chemistry , Plant Leaves , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 , Metabolism , Sirtuin 1 , Sirtuins , Metabolism , bcl-2-Associated X Protein , MetabolismABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cixian county has one of the highest incidence rates of esophageal cancer (EC) in China, as well as the world. In 1974, the Cixian population-based cancer registry system was established, so that there is now information on esophageal cancer cases over almost 30 years. METHODS: Data from Cixian Cancer Registry were checked and analyzed using SPSS 11.5. RESULTS: From 1974 to 2002, a total of 18,471 new esophageal cancer cases were registered in Cixian, 11,068 in males and 7,403 in females. The age standardized incidence rate (ASR) for males was 208.77 per 100,000, while for females it was 120.47 per 100,000. There was a clear trend for decrease overall in the incidence rate of esophageal cancer over the 29 years (X(2)=19.94, P<0.001). As to the geographic distribution, the incidence rate in mountainous and hilly areas showed a significant decline (X(2) = 195.00 and X(2) = 46.08, respectively, both P X(2)0.001). Data for esophageal cancer incidence in level land areas in contrast were relatively steadily, with increase in recent years. CONCLUSION: Esophageal cancer has decreased in Cixian county during the last 29 years, but this is due to change in mountainous and hilly areas. Compared to other regions in the world, Cixian county still has a very high incidence of ECs.
Subject(s)
Altitude , China/epidemiology , Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Female , Geography , Humans , Incidence , Male , Registries , Sex DistributionABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effects of selenium containing polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum on SOD, GSH Px activity, MDA content in blood and liver and anti tumor effect in tumor bearing mice, and relationship between antioxidative and anti tumor effect. Methods: The tumor bearing BALB c mice were injected with 2.5 g/L? 5.0 g/L and 10.0 g/L SeGLP 1 respectively for 14 days. Weight of tumor, both SOD and GSH Px activities and MDA content of blood and liver were determined. Results: SeGLP 1 could significantly inhibit the growth of Hca f, maximal inhibition rate was 44%, SeGLP 1 significantly increased SOD, GSH Px activity, decreased MDA content of blood and liver in tumor bearing mice. Conclusion: The anti tumor effect of SeGLP 1 may be due to enhanced antioxidative capacity in tumor bearing mice.